Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Article Title: The Prodomain-bound Form of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 10 Is Biologically Active on Endothelial Cells *
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.683292
Figure Lengend Snippet: BMP10 derived from atrium or plasma is fully active. A , BMP10 mRNA expression in human heart tissues. n = 3. **, p ≤ 0.01; one-way ANOVA, Tukey's post test. B , BMP10 mRNA expression in mouse heart tissues. BMP10 expression is significantly higher in RA than LA in mouse. n = 4, paired t test; **, p ≤ 0.01; C , BMP activity could be detected in the conditioned medium of cultured mouse RA. Conditioned medium from LA or RA was applied to serum-starved HPAECs (both at 5% v / v ), and the BMP activity was measured by the induction of ID1 gene expression. No BMP activity can be detected from LA-conditioned medium ( LA CM ), while significant level of ID1 gene induction activity can be detected in the RA-conditioned medium ( RA CM ). n = 3, * p ≤ 0.05; n.s., not significant. One-way ANOVA, Tukey's post test; D , identification of BMP activity in RA CM. The ID1 -induction activity from RA CM (0.4% v / v ) could not be inhibited by anti-BMP9 antibody (at 20 μg/ml), but can be partially inhibited by anti-BMP10 antibody (at 20 μg/ml), and very effectively inhibited by ALK1-Fc (at 2.5 μg/ml). n = 3, *, p ≤ 0.05; n.s ., not significant. One-way ANOVA, Dunnett's post test; E , control experiments showed that anti-BMP9 antibody (at 10 μg/ml) could specifically neutralize BMP9 activity very effectively, but not the activity of BMP10 or pBMP10, whereas ALK1-Fc (at 2.5 μg/ml) can inhibit both BMP9 and BMP10 activity very effectively. The concentrations of BMP9, BMP10, and pBMP10 used in this assay were all 1 ng/ml. n = 3, one-way ANOVA for each BMP ligand group, Dunnett's post test, **, p ≤ 0.01; *, p ≤ 0.05; n.s ., not significant; F , BMP10 activity can be detected in human plasma. Freshly frozen human plasma was used to treat serum-starved HPAECs (1% v / v final concentration), and BMP activity was measured by ID1 gene induction. All the ID1 -induction activity from 1% plasma can be completely inhibited by ALK1-Fc (at 2.5 μg/ml) alone, suggesting that all the ID1 -gene induction activity in 1% plasma was due to BMP9 and BMP10. While most of this activity can be inhibited by anti-BMP9 antibody (at 15 μg/ml), the residual ID1 -induction activity cannot be inhibited by additional amounts of anti-BMP9 antibody (at 20 μg/ml). It can be only inhibited by either anti-BMP10 antibody (at 15 μg/ml) or ALK1-Fc (at 2.5 μg/ml), suggesting the residual ID1 -induction activity is due to BMP10. n = 3, one-way ANOVA, Dunnett's post test. *, p ≤ 0.05; #, p ≤ 0.05; ##, p ≤ 0.01; n.s ., not significant.
Article Snippet: Anti-BMP9 antibody (MAB3209), anti-BMP10 antibody (MAB2926), BMP10 prodomain (3956-BP-050), anti-BMP10 propeptide antibody (AF3956), biotinylated anti-BMP10 propeptide antibody (BAF3956), ALK1-Fc (370-AL), human BMP10 GFD (2926-BP-025) were all purchased from R&D Systems, Inc. Anti-phosphoSmad1/5/8 and anti-phosphoSmad1/5 antibody were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology.
Techniques: Derivative Assay, Clinical Proteomics, Expressing, Activity Assay, Cell Culture, Gene Expression, Control, Concentration Assay